1. Choose high-quality seeds
When planting oranges, it is recommended to choose varieties with excellent comprehensive characteristics. Generally, seedlings should be free of pests and diseases, have thick and robust main stems with a diameter of at least 0.8 centimeters, and ensure that there are 2-3 branches.
2. Choose a location to build a garden
Choose plots with sufficient water sources, convenient transportation, fertile soil, and loose soil for planting. When planting, deeply cultivate the land and apply decomposed organic fertilizer. Dig planting holes at certain intervals, and plant before the spring shoots sprout or after the autumn shoots mature.
3. Fertilizer and water management
Apply sufficient base fertilizer: Apply decomposed organic fertilizer, super phosphate, lime, chicken manure or bran cake to each plant, and sprinkle lime on the fertilizer surface to fill the hole to 80% full. Apply the composted chicken manure or bran cake to the top layer of the planting hole, and then water it well, not too much, to prevent water accumulation and root rot.
Fertilization for young trees: Fertilize 1-2 year old oranges 6 to 8 times a year, with a focus on promoting and strengthening shoots. Top promoting fertilizer should be applied 10 days before the shoot placement, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, with the addition of manure water or decomposed bean bran water for irrigation. Zhuangshao fertilizer is applied during the elongation period of new shoots, mainly using phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
Fertilization for Adult Trees: Oranges begin to bear fruit in the third year after planting, and it is necessary to apply germination promoting fertilizer, fruit strengthening fertilizer, autumn shoot promoting fertilizer, and fruit harvesting fertilizer for fertilization. The main types of germination promoting fertilizers are urea, compound fertilizers, and borax fertilizers; Zhuangguo fertilizer is applied in late May after the second physiological drop of oranges, with compound fertilizer and potassium sulfate added to each plant; Promote the application of autumn shoot fertilizer in late July, spraying urea and compound fertilizer on each plant; The fruit picking fertilizer should be applied 3 days before fruit picking, and urea and compound fertilizer should be sprayed on each plant.
4. Disease and pest control
Oranges are prone to diseases and pests such as ulcer disease, sand skin disease, and red spider mites. Once they occur, they can cause varying degrees of damage to the orange tree and are easily reduced in yield. Red spider mites generally have strong drug resistance and require rotation of medication to achieve good results. Ulcer disease can be prevented and treated by spraying copper turpentine and copper quinoline. For sand skin disease, it is important to strengthen water and fertilizer management, improve tree vigor, and reduce fruit sunburn.
That's all for the introduction of orange planting methods and management. If farmers want to grow high-yield oranges, they need to do a good job in field planting management to avoid pests and diseases.
